Building construction



March 30',- 1926.

J. J. MOEBS BUILDING CONSTRUCTION 3 Shee March 30 1926. 1,578,904

- J. .J. MOEBS BUILDfNG CONSTRUCTION Filed Jan. 17 1925 3.Sheets-Sheet, 2

March 36 1926 J. J. MOEBS BUILDING CONSTRUCTION 1925 s Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed Jan; 17

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iv v; .K um 4 24 I DQD J Mal-B Hy Patented Mar. 30, 1926. I

UNITED STATES 1,578,904 PATENT;OFFICE? JOSEPH J. Monies, or wAsHme'roN, Dreamer OFCOLUMBIA," nssrenon'or ONE-HALF.

T0 CHARLES I. CARUSI, or WASHINGTON, DISTRICT or COLUMBIA.

UIL ING oons'rnncrronf Application filed January To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Josnrrr J. Monns, a citizen of theUnited States, residingat Washington, District of Columbia, havein vented certain new and useful Improvements in Building Construction, of which the'following is a specification. i This invention relates to building con struction, and more particularly to fireproof building construction.

,An object of the invention is a simple and inexpensive method for the construction of fireproof buildings, wherein a frame ofre inforced concrete is employed in conjun'c; tion with hollow tile walls. j

Another object of this invention is the constructionof a fireproof building wherein the walls are formed preparatory to. the forming of the frame. I

Another object of'this invention is the construction of a wall, wherein thewallis formed in sections preparatory to pouring the intermediate columns, the wall. being constructed in such a manner that the columns interlock with the "walls and exerta compression or wedging effect upon the'wall sections, regardless of the' type'of wall construction or material used Another object of this invention is to form the flooring and footing in. one, homogeneous mass without the use of forming materi ah Another obj ect of this invention is to form the columns with a flared base designed to more uniformly distribute the load.

Another object of this invention is to construct a building of the reinforced-concrete.

and hollow tile type wherein theconstruction is a matter of reproducing units, each unit constituting a story. Another object of his invention is the-interlocking ofthe floor with the wall in such a manner as to form spand're'l beams.-

Another object of this invention is'th'e formation of the corner columns; the interlockingof the same with the wall and with a veneering so as to form a honiogenous mass without disturbing the perfect alignment of the finished Wall. 7 Another object of this invention is the 7 formation of a hollow tile wall in sections floated down'or pargeted preparatory to the. formation for the columns, which are' poureid" intermediate the Wall sections so thattheir outer surfaces-will be in.perfect-(alignment. Another object ofthisinvention. is the ing such as to interlock specification:

1925. Serial No. 3,185.

formation of hollowtile walls in sections prior to the formationof the reinforced con crete frame, the'formation'of the frame be and compress or bind the wall sections in place.

"Another object is to have the wall construction carrying" part of floor loading rather thanthe skeleton, which ordinarily in'g suchthat they are. caused to form or provide apart of theform forIthe columns,

forming material thuse'ffecting"ajgreat saving in. the use of A further object of this inventionis the 7 building of hollow tile walls'and theformation .of the frame in units to floor height by employing the minimum amount ofi'forming material whichrhasa repeated usage in that the same material is used'for each unit formed; 1 'f With these and other objects in view which may be incident to my improvements, the invention consists in the parts and combinations to behereinafter set forth and claimed, with the-understanding that the several necessary elements comprising my invention, may be varied inconstruction, proportions and arrangement, without departing-front the spirit'andscope of'the appended claims.

ly understood, I have shown in the accom In order to make my invention more 'clear- 7 panyi'ng drawings means. for carrying the same into practical e'ifect,fwithout limiting the mprovements n their useful applications to; the particular COIlSlIllVtlOllS, which for the -purpose of explanation, have been made thesubject of illustration. x

In the drawings forming a .part of this Figure '1 is aside elevation of a section of a bu lding illustrating various methods of arranging tilein the wall sections, with floor systems'being shown in section at various elevations; 5

Fig '2" is .a horizontal sectional view taken adj aoent w l;

intermediate and: interlocking columns, the

on li'ne 2 l2 of Fig. 1, illustrating o ne of the j colunins with-fragmentary sections of the as employed in the construction of ivallsrkilifl.

, columns in accordance with my invention;

Fig. 6 is a side elevation illustrating a:

column between floors with fragmentary sections of the abutting walls, showingone of the methodsofi arrangement of the tileso as toincrease the base of thecolumn' andto produce an interlocking effect; between; the column and wall sections,

Fig. 7' is alike view-after thefioor hasrbeen poured and the forms, removed...

Before carrying myv invention; into actual operation, the ground should first be made level, orsubstantially so, to,- adepth. equal to that of. the thickness: of the; ground floor slab, after which a trench is excavated in accordance: with the outline of the, floor; plan of thebuilding, and to predetermined widthand depth dependent upon the; size, character and number ofyunits employed; in the building to be erected,.'and tllenature of the soil upon which the structuredsato; stand.

In this construction I employ only such materials as min general use, sucli-as-sand, gravel, cement, reinforcing bars and tile. The sand, gravel and cement are mixed in grouting-s according to various formulas,

and the tile employed consists of an ordicourse-,-

nary building tile-1 having-four cells 2, however, heavier or lighter tile or tile with aless or greater number of cells may be employed. The preliminary operation, having been effected, the actual operation or construction now takes place. by fillingthe' excavated trenches and covering the leveled ground enclosed by the trenches with concrete grouting mixed in accordance with any of the well known formulas, thus'forming the footing 3 and the ground fioor- L in one homogeneous mass to the ground floor level.

Embedded within the footing 3 are horizontal reinforcing bars 5. At;- location of the columns, vertical reinforcing; bars 7, of proper size, project above the ground floor level to a suitable distance to, effect a sub stanti'al. tie between footing 3' and the bases of columns 6 which are subsequently-poured. The footings are further reinforced by'horizontal' bars 8, rods 9 extending at right angles to bars 8, and by bars 10' which con form with the bases of the columns and are subsequently embedded therein. I p

At this stage of the construction, the

actual building of the walls takes place. 1 In Fig.1, I have illustrated the construction of a building comprising three; floors above ground level. It is to be understood, of

' that only oneun'it-ouia height to one floor level is to be'buialt at. atimeaq .llliis-isa very economical method of construction the u ldine p s i s es f uni owing to the repeated usagebfjthe forming materlal and knock down forms which are of such a character anddesign that they are equally applicable" to thLe for ination or any story unit." i

' Beginning with the footing 3, and the ground'floor at, which takes the same level,

thelocation ofthe columns 6 having been determined, by the reinforcing tie rods in the footing provided. at suchlocations, aspreviously described, the width of the-columns is then laid off over thefootings in accordancewith the floor plan. The ,tile is then set 'in wall, sections in the spaces,between tlie spacesdaid off for the .coluinnsf I 'rtl-jieLl-ay ing or setting of the tile sections of'the first unit, thevfirst two and the l st two tiles 11 are laid on their sides,lor. horizontally, with the intermediate tile 12 perpendicular, tlie object of which will hereinafter appear.

p All. of the tile 11 andEl'Zare 'set'jto form the complete sections of the wall'of; thefirst unit; the usual cementniortar isjempl oyed for this purpose-, t-he wallibeing floated "down or pargeted with layingaip of the walls, as at l3,.most clearly shown; in fFi'gs." 2, 4,1. and 7, Pargetingf is, an fecononiical method of erecting walls fol-certain types of buildings.v In somecases the outer walls,

are not, pargeted, but the outer wallsinay be stuccoed or otherwise covered upon completion of the; walls. This stepji'n the con]- struction having been accomplished, the

knockrdown forms for constructing the columns are thenassembledin place. I p

After the column forms; havev been ranged and adjusted, the columnfrei f rods 31 being in position, tl e'lfioon f orming is then placed in position,, ius,i ng, heavy material for this, purpose. In. case thereis an intersecting beam, such as is, sh 'iwn, at 33 in Fig. 1,, these, of course, must be allowed for inplacing the floor storming. The next step is the forming or casting of the columns, which is accomplished by pouring d inent grouting of aconsistency sufficiently; soft to; admit ofa flow, the object bein to fill the space enclosed by the adjacent ends, of

thewall; sections andthelcolum rformaand at the same time fillas near"as possible the tile cells of the horizontally settile 11, thus producing; a column which has a th ick ness equal to the thickness of tlieawall,[,andva breadth: equal to the spacebetween the wall sections pl-usthe width, of the horizontally set tile. i

Said columns 6 as designated by 2501 the first floor (see Fig; have a flared portionQL. 7 v Y This form ofcolumn applicable to the various. units except thatthe, quantf ,bf horizontally set, tile varies as the h- I of 'etweensthe first and wherein one and one-halftiles are set horizontally, as at 84, on each side of the. column; and again'between thesecond and third floors in theconstruction ofthe third unit wherein one tile is set horizontally, as r p .tures of my inventlon what-I clann, as new, .and desire-to secure by LettersPatent is: I

at 35, one on each side of the column.

. Again, as shown in Fig. 1, the tiles may all be set with theircells vertical and then none of the column materialfinds its way. into the tile cells. The columns thus'formed interlock with the tile sections, and, by virtue of their close contact therewith, exert a com-.

pression or binding force between the tile in the various Wall sections.

It is to be noted that the last row of tlle in the wall section is set horizontally, as .shown at 41, and that adequate re nforcing manner,and after setting or hardening, all

the forms are stripped away, the clamping bolts being cut ofi in the wall, thus producing acomplete unit. It is to be observed that the floor thus formed can and does act either as a floor forthe next succeeding unit, or a roof for the completed unit, and that the floor or roof thus formed, by virtue of its bearing over the entire thickness of the wall, as shown at 42, exerts a binding force between .the tiles and acts as a spandrel beam, thus effecting an enormous saving in cost of production.

In Fig. 6 I have illustrated wall sections laid up or set with alternating horizontally set tile, as shown at 43, which demonstrates the various methods of interlocking the columns and jambs.

In Fig. 7 I have shown a modified form of wall and floor construction, wherein the upper course of tile are sethorizontally with their upper cells broken away,

as shown at 50, in order to form a beam 51 integral with the floor 43. In such cases reinforcing bars 52 are inserted in the tile cells. The tile cells are filled with the laying of the floor.

This form of beam and floor is very desirable in that no forming material whatsoever is required for producing the beam, WlllCll is'embedded 1n and forms a part of the wall construction, and again a beam thus formed serves as a better binder for the wall sections and tends to tie in the floor by reason of the fact that it becomes an integral part thereof.

While I have shown and described the preferred embodiment of my invention, I

ing the scope of the 'appended'claims;

Having thus described the various few 1. A wall construction composed of spaced tilewall sections laid in courses, mainly of. vertically set tile, the outermost tile of some courses set horizontally, cementitious columns intermediate the wall sections and 'keyed thereto by the material of said columns entering'into the cells "of the horizontally set tiles. y

2. A wall construction composed of spaced tile wall sections laid in courses, mainly of vertically set tile, more than one tile at the ends of each course set horizontally, cementitious columns intermediate the wall sece tions and keyed thereto by the material of said columns entering into the cells of the horizontally set tiles. v

3-. A wall construction composed of spaced tilewall sections laidin courses, the outermost tile of some courses set horizontally, cementitious columns intermediatethe wall sectionsand keyed thereto by the material of said columns enteringinto the. cells of the horizontally set tiles; r

tions, intermediate and interlocking co'lumns, cementitious floor beams, cementitious floor sections integral with the beams, and 1 beams integral with the floor formed in the tile walls and extending parallel to the wall construction.

6. In building construction, a cement flooring, a cement footing'integrally formed with the flooring, wall sections, cement columns intermediate the wall sections and binding therewith, and flared cement sections joining the columns and the footing and integrally formed therewith to tend to prevent overturning-of the footing.

7. In building construction, alower-ce- Inent flooring, a cement footing integrally sections and binding therewith, upper cement flooring binding the columns and the walls, and flared cement sections joining the 7 columns and the footing and integrally formed therewith to tend to prevent over-,.

turning of the footing. 8. A building construction comprising formed with the lower flooring, wall sections, cement columns intermediate thewall hollow tile wall sections laid in courses, the

outermost tile of some courses set horizontally, cementitious columns intermediate the; Wall sections and; keyed thereto by the "material of saifcl columns entering into the ili-mmoe outermost tile of some courses set horizon tally; cementitious COlLlHlIlS intermediate the Wall sections and 'keyeclthereto' by the material of said column entering intothe cells of the horizontally set tiles, and cementitious floor sections bearing against and lnterlocking with the Wall sections and the'colum'ns. In testimony whereof I afllx my signature.

" JOSEPH J. MOE'BS. 

